How NPS is calculated
NPS = % promoters − % detractors
- Count everyone who answered the question "How likely are you to recommend us to a friend or colleague?" (0-10).
- Promoters answered 9 or 10. Passives answered 7 or 8. Detractors answered 0 to 6.
- Divide promoters and detractors by the total number of answers to get percentages.
- Subtract the detractor percentage from the promoter percentage.
Example: 50 answers: 30 promoters (60%), 12 passives (24%), 8 detractors (16%). NPS = 60 − 16 = +44.
NPS ranges from −100 (everyone is a detractor) to +100 (everyone is a promoter). Passives count in the total, which is why they pull the score towards zero.
What is a good NPS score?
- Above 0: more promoters than detractors.
- Rising over time: the best sign, especially after you fix a recurring complaint.
- Industry benchmarks differ widely by sector and country, so compare yourself with your own past results first.
Why NPS alone isn't enough
A number doesn't tell you why customers feel the way they do. Always ask a follow-up question ("What's the main reason for your score?") and read the answers, especially from detractors.
Want a satisfaction score for a single visit instead? Use the CSAT calculator.
Turn NPS into action
- Contact detractors quickly and fix the problem.
- Learn from passives: what would make them enthusiastic?
- Invite every customer to leave a public review, not only promoters (Google forbids selective asking).
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FAQ
How do you calculate NPS in Excel?
Count promoters with =COUNTIF(A:A,">=9"), detractors with =COUNTIF(A:A,"<=6"), total with =COUNT(A:A), then NPS =(promoters-detractors)/total*100.
Can NPS be negative?
Yes, if you have more detractors than promoters.
Is NPS a percentage?
No. It's shown as a number from −100 to +100, not a percentage.
How many responses do I need for a reliable NPS?
More answers give a more stable score. With very few answers, one person can move the score a lot.